Sophocarpine(槐果碱), a major ingredient of Sophora alopecuroides, has a wide range of pharmacological effects.

Chrysophanic acid(大黄酚), a natural anthraquinone isolated from Dianella longifolia, is a EGFR/mTOR pathway inhibitor.

Curcumol(莪术醇) is a pure monomer isolated from Rhizoma Curcumaeis with antitumor activities.

Cephalomannine(三尖杉宁碱) is an active anti-cancer agent obtained from Taxus yunnanensis and has an antineoplastic effect on tumors found in mice.

Paeoniflorin(芍药苷) is a herbal constituent extracted from the root of Paeonia albiflora Pall.

Geniposide(京尼平甙) is an iridoid glycoside isolated from the fruit of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis.

Genipin(京尼平) is an active aglycone derived from an iridoid glycoside called geniposide, which is found in the fruit of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis.  

Geniposidic acid(京尼平苷酸) is an iridoid glucoside, used to treat inflammation, jaundice and hepatic disorders.