Ganoderic acid A(灵芝酸A), a representative active triterpenoid from Ganoderma lucidum, has been reported to exhibit antinociceptive, antioxidative, cytotoxic, hepatoprotective and anticancer activities.

Betulin(桦木醇), also known as betulinol, betuline, or betulinic alcohol, is a pentacyclic lupane-type triterpenoid naturally distributed in many plants and displays a broad spectrum of biological and pharmacological properties such as anticancer and chemopreventive activity.

Crocin(西红花苷) is a water-soluble carotenoid pigment of saffron (Crocus sativus L.). It has been used as a spice for flavoring and coloring food preparations, and in Chinese traditional medicine as an anodyne or tranquilizer.

Thymoquinone(百里醌) is the bioactive phytochemical constituent of the seeds oil of Nigella sativa with anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects.

4-Hydroxychalcone(4-羟基查耳酮) is a chalcone metabolite with diverse biological activities. It inhibits TNFα-induced NF-κB pathway activation in a dose-dependent manner and also activates BMP signaling.

β-Thujaplicin(桧木醇) is a toxic tropolone derivative present in the heartwood of western red cedar (Thuja plicata) and is used as a preservative and antimicrobial additive in a number of commercial goods.

Alpha (α)-asarone(α-细辛脑) is one of the main pharmacologically active compounds present in Acorus calamus Linn (Acoraceae), Acorus tatarinowii Schott (Acoraceae), and Acorus gramineus Solander. It has anticonvulsant, neuroprotective, anxiolytic and nootropic effects.

Harmaline(骆驼蓬灵), a natural occurrence β-carboline alkaloid, is a central nervous system stimulant and an acetylcholinesterase (AChR) inhibitor also inhibits histamine N-methyltransferase.