Sanguinarine(氯化血根碱), a plant alkaloid, is a potent and specific protein phosphatase (PP) 2C inhibitor.

Hyperoside(金丝桃苷), a naturally occuring flavonoid compound, exerts multiple bioactivities, including myocardial protection, anti-redox, and anti-inflammatory activities.

Isobavachalcone(补骨脂乙素), a naturally occurring chalcone compound derived from the seeds of Psoralea corylifolia L., has long been used in traditional Chinese medicine as anthelmintic, antibacterial, aphrodisiac, astringent and antiplatelet agent.

Nafronyl oxalate salt is the oxalate salt form of nafronyl, which is a selective antagonist of 5-HT2 receptors and a vasodilator used in the management of peripheral and cerebral vascular disorders.

Galangin(高良姜素), a naturally occuring flavonoid found in herbs, is a well-known antioxidant and also an inhibitor of CYP1A1 activity and an agonist/antagonist of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor.

Geraniol(香叶醇) is a terpene alcohol occurring in the essential oils of several aromatic plants used in the flavour and fragrance industries. It also exhibits insecticidal and repellent properties and used as a natural pest control agent exhibiting low toxicity.

Lanatoside C(毛花苷C), a cardiac glycoside which belongs to a class of compounds derived from plants called foxglove, possesses the ability to inhibit the interchange of Na₊ and K₊ across cell membrane and is widely used to treat anti-arrhythmias and heart failure.

6-Biopterin, a pterin derivative, is a NO synthase cofactor.