Choline bitartrate(重酒石酸胆碱) is a form of the nutrient choline which is found in foods. Choline is necessary for normal liver and kidney function and a component of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, a chemical that facilitates communication between the nerves and muscles.

D-(+)-Cellobiose(D-(+)-纤维二糖) is a substrate of β-glucosidase.

Oleic acid(油酸) is a fatty acid that occurs naturally in various animal and vegetable fats and oils. It is used commercially in the preparation of oleates and lotions, and as a pharmaceutical solvent.

L-Glutamic acid monosodium salt(L-谷氨酸单钠盐水合物) is the sodium salt of glutamic acid, found naturally in tomatoes, cheese and other foods.

3,3'-Diindolylmethane(DIM)(3,3`-二吲哚甲烷) is a major digestive product of indole-3-carbinol, a potential anticancer component of cruciferous vegetables.

Melezitose(D-(+)-松三糖水合物), also spelled melicitose, is a nonreducing trisaccharide sugar that is produced by many plant sap eating insects.

7-Hydroxy-3,4-dihydrocarbostyril(7-羟基-3,4-二氢-2(1H)喹啉酮) is used as the materials for the organic synthesis intermediates.

Melibiose(D-(+)-蜜二糖一水合物) is a nondigestible disaccharide that consists of one galactose and one glucose moiety in an alpha (1-6) glycosidic age.