Silibinin is a flavonolignan isolated from milk thistle, Silybum marianum, that has been shown to exhibit antioxidant and antineoplastic activities.

Sinomenine, a pure alkaloid extracted from the chinese medical plant Sinomenium acutum, is used for the treatment of rheumatism and arthritis.

Ellagic acid(鞣花酸) has antiproliferative and antioxidant property.

Esculin(秦皮甲素) is a glucoside found in horse chestnuts.

Amygdalin(扁桃苷) is a glycoside initially isolated from the seeds of the tree Prunus dulcis, also known as bitter almonds.

Asiatic acid(积雪草酸) is the aglycone of asiaticoside isolated from the plant Centella asiatica, commonly used in wound healing.

Caffeic acid(咖啡酸) is a hydroxycinnamic acid, a naturally occurring organic compound.

Chlorogenic acid(绿原酸) is a hydroxycinnamic acid and a member of a family of naturally occurring organic compounds.